Degradation of concrete structure due to steel corrosion has become a critical problem that seriously threatens the safety of reinforced concrete structures and social economic development. The existing techniques such as retrofitting/strengthening methods or steel protection can achieve certain effects, but they cannot totally solve the issue of steel corrosion. In response to this situation, the project proposed an innovative FRP-concrete composite structure formed by FRP reinforcements and textiles, which will replace the internal steel reinforcements of the concrete structural members. In other words, in this new FRP-concrete beam, longitudinal steel rebars are stead by FRP rebars as well as steel stirrups are stead by FRP textiles. In the project, the investigation on the mechanical properties and design theory of the FRP reinforcements/textiles-concrete beam is carried out. Based on above experimental research and theoretical analysis, the transmission system of bonding stress between FRP and concrete will be revealed; the flexural/shear mechanical properties and mechanism of the new FRP-concrete beam will be systematically analyzed. Furthermore, the flexural/shear strength model will be built, and the corresponding design theory of the innovative FRP-concrete composite beam will also be established. It is expected that the research results will expand and enhance the anti-corrosion theory of concrete structures, as well as new ideas and technical support for the design and construction of concrete structures. This is very necessary and urgent to ensure the service life and economic benefits of the actual project, it also has great practical significance and social benefits.